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Breaking Down Spatial Anchors in AR/MR Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) depend on accurate understanding of the physical environment to create realistic experiences, and they hit this target with the concept of spatial anchors. These anchors act like markers, either geometric or based on features, that help virtual objects stay in the same spot in the real world — even when users move around. Sounds simple, but the way spatial anchors are implemented varies a lot depending on the platform; for example, Apple’s ARKit, Google’s ARCore, and Microsoft’s Azure Spatial Anchors (ASA) all approach them differently. If you want to know how these anchors are used in practical scenarios or what challenges developers often face when working with them, this article dives into these insights too. What Are Spatial Anchors and Why They Matter A spatial anchor is like a marker in the real world, tied to a specific point or group of features. Once you create one, it allows for some important capabilities: Persistence. Virtual objects stay exactly where you placed them in the real-world, even if you close and restart the app. Multi-user synchronization. Multiple devices can share the same anchor, so everyone sees virtual objects aligned to the same physical space. Cross-session continuity. You can leave a space and come back later, and all the virtual elements will still be in the right place. In AR/MR, your device builds a point cloud or feature map by using the camera and built-in sensors like the IMU (inertial measurement unit). Spatial anchors are then tied to those features, and without them, virtual objects can drift or float around as you move, shattering the sense of immersion. Technical Mechanics of Spatial Anchors At a high level, creating and using spatial anchors involves a series of steps: Feature Detection & Mapping To start, the device needs to understand its surroundings: it scans the environment to identify stable visual features (e.g., corners, edges). Over time, these features are triangulated, forming a sparse map or mesh of the space. This feature map is what the system relies on to anchor virtual objects. Anchor Creation Next, anchors are placed at specific 3D locations in the environment in two possible ways: Hit-testing. The system casts a virtual ray from a camera to a user-tapped point, then drops an anchor on the detected surface. Manual placement. Sometimes, developers need precise control, so they manually specify the exact location of an anchor using known coordinates, like ensuring it perfectly fits on the floor or another predefined plane. Persistence & Serialization Anchors aren’t temporary — they can persist, and here’s how systems make that possible: Locally stored anchors. Frameworks save the anchor’s data, like feature descriptors and transforms, in a package called a “world map” or “anchor payload”. Cloud-based anchors. Cloud services like Azure Spatial Anchors (ASA) upload this anchor data to a remote server to let the same anchor be accessed across multiple devices. Synchronization & Restoration When you’re reopening the app or accessing the anchor on a different device, the system uses the saved data to restore the anchor’s location. It compares stored feature descriptors to what the camera sees in real time, and if there’s a good enough match, the system confidently snaps the anchor into position, and your virtual content shows up right where it’s supposed to. However, using spatial anchors isn’t perfect, like using any other technology, and there are some tricky issues to figure out: Low latency. Matching saved data to real-time visuals has to be quick; otherwise, the user experience feels clunky. Robustness in feature-scarce environments. Blank walls or textureless areas don’t give the system much to work with and make tracking tougher. Scale drift. Little errors in the system’s tracking add up over time to big discrepancies. When everything falls into place and the challenges are handled well, spatial anchors make augmented and virtual reality experiences feel seamless and truly real. ARKit’s Spatial Anchors (Apple) Apple’s ARKit, rolled out with iOS 11, brought powerful features to developers working on AR apps, and one of them is spatial anchoring, which allows virtual objects to stay fixed in the real world as if they belong there. To do this, ARKit provides two main APIs that developers rely on to achieve anchor-based persistence. ARAnchor & ARPlaneAnchor The simplest kind of anchor in ARKit is the ARAnchor, which represents a single 3D point in the real-world environment and acts as a kind of “pin” in space that ARKit can track. Building on this, ARPlaneAnchor identifies flat surfaces like tables, floors, and walls, allowing developers to tie virtual objects to these surfaces. ARWorldMap ARWorldMap makes ARKit robust for persistence and acts as a snapshot of the environment being tracked by ARKit. It captures the current session, including all detected anchors and their surrounding feature points, into a compact file. There are a few constraints developers need to keep in mind: World maps are iOS-only, which means they cannot be shared directly with Android. There must be enough overlapping features between the saved environment and the current physical space, and textured structures are especially valuable for this, as they help ARKit identify key points for alignment. Large world maps, especially those with many anchors or detailed environments, can be slow to serialize and deserialize, causing higher application latency when loading or saving. ARKit anchors are ideal for single-user persistence, but sharing AR experiences across multiple devices poses additional issues, and developers often employ custom server logic (uploading ARWorldMap data to a backend), enabling users to download and use the same map. However, this approach comes with caveats: it requires extra development work and doesn’t offer native support for sharing across platforms like iOS and Android. ARCore’s Spatial Anchors (Google) Google’s ARCore is a solid toolkit for building AR apps, and one of its best features is how it handles spatial anchors: Anchors & Hit-Testing ARCore offers two ways to create anchors. You can use Session.createAnchor(Pose) if you already know the anchor’s position, or…

Understanding XR in Industry 4.0 Industry 4.0 marks a turning point in making industry systems smarter and more interconnected: it integrates digital and physical technologies like IoT, automation, and AI, into them. And you’ve probably heard about Extended Reality (XR), the umbrella for Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and Mixed Reality. It isn’t an add-on. XR is one of the primary technologies making the industry system change possible. XR has made a huge splash in Industry 4.0, and recent research shows how impactful it has become. For example, a 2023 study by Gattullo et al. points out that AR and VR are becoming a must-have in industrial settings. It makes sense — they improve productivity and enhance human-machine interactions (Gattullo et al., 2023). Meanwhile, research by Azuma et al. (2024) focuses on how XR makes workspaces safer and training more effective in industrial environments. One thing is clear: the integration of XR into Industry 4.0 closes the gap between what we imagine in digital simulations and what actually happens in the real world. Companies use XR to work smarter — it tightens up workflows, streamlines training, and improves safety measures. The uniqueness of XR is in its immersive nature. It allows teams to make better decisions, monitor operations with pinpoint accuracy, and effectively collaborate, even if team members are on opposite sides of the planet. XR Applications in Key Industrial Sectors Manufacturing and Production One of the most significant uses of XR in Industry 4.0 is in manufacturing, where it enhances design, production, and quality control processes. Engineers now utilize digital twins, virtual prototypes, and AR-assisted assembly lines, to catch possible defects before production even starts. Research by Mourtzis et al. (2024) shows how effective digital twin models powered by XR are in smart factories: for example, studies reveal that adopting XR-driven digital twins saves design cycle times by up to 40% and greatly speeds up product development. Besides, real-time monitoring with these tools has decreased system downtimes by 25% (Mourtzis et al., 2024). Training and Workforce Development The use of XR in employee training has changed how industrial workers acquire knowledge and grow skills. Hands-on XR-based simulations allow them to practice in realistic settings without any of the risks tied to operating heavy machinery, whereas traditional training methods usually involve lengthy hours, high expenses, and the need to set aside physical equipment, disrupting operations. A study published on ResearchGate titled ‘Immersive Virtual Reality Training in Industrial Settings: Effects on Memory Retention and Learning Outcomes’ offers interesting insights on XR’s use in workforce training. It was carried out by Jan Kubr, Alena Lochmannova, and Petr Horejsi, researchers from the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Czech Republic, specializing in industrial engineering and public health. The study focused on fire suppression training to show how different levels of immersion in VR affect training for industrial safety procedures. The findings were astounding. People trained in VR remembered 45% more information compared to those who went through traditional training. VR also led to a 35% jump in task accuracy and cut real-world errors by 50%. On top of that, companies using VR in their training programs noticed that new employees reached full productivity 25% faster. The study uncovered a key insight: while high-immersion VR training improves short-term memory retention and operational efficiency, excessive immersion — for example, using both audio navigation and visual cues at the same time — can overwhelm learners and hurt their ability to absorb information. These results showed how important it is to find the right balance when creating VR training programs to ensure they’re truly effective. XR-based simulations let industrial workers safely engage in realistic and hands-on scenarios without the hazards or costs of operating heavy machinery, changing the way they acquire new skills. Way better than sluggish, costly, and time-consuming traditional training methods that require physical equipment and significant downtime. Maintenance and Remote Assistance XR is also transforming equipment maintenance and troubleshooting. In place of physical manuals, technicians using AR-powered smart glasses can view real-time schematics, follow guided diagnostics, and connect with remote experts, reducing downtime. Recent research by Javier Gonzalez-Argote highlights how significantly AR-assisted maintenance has grown in the automotive industry. The study finds that AR, mostly mediated via portable devices, is widely used in maintenance, evaluation, diagnosis, repair, and inspection processes, improving work performance, productivity, and efficiency. AR-based guidance in product assembly and disassembly has also been found to boost task performance by up to 30%, substantially improving accuracy and lowering human errors. These advancements are streamlining industrial maintenance workflows, reducing downtime and increasing operational efficiency across the board (González-Argote et al., 2024). Industrial IMMERSIVE 2025: Advancing XR in Industry 4.0 At the Industrial IMMERSIVE Week 2025, top industry leaders came together to discuss the latest breakthroughs in XR technology for industrial use. One of the main topics of discussion was XR’s growing impact on workplace safety and immersive training environments. During the event, Kevin O’Donovan, a prominent technology evangelist and co-chair of the Industrial Metaverse & Digital Twin committee at VRARA, interviewed Annie Eaton, a trailblazing XR developer and CEO of Futurus. She shared exciting details about a groundbreaking safety training initiative, saying: “We have created a solution called XR Industrial, which has a collection of safety-themed lessons in VR … anything from hazards identification, like slips, trips, and falls, to pedestrian safety and interaction with mobile work equipment like forklifts or even autonomous vehicles in a manufacturing site.” By letting workers practice handling high-risk scenarios in a risk-free virtual setting, this initiative shows how XR makes workplaces safer. No wonder more companies are beginning to see the value in using such simulations to improve safety across operations and avoid accidents. Rethinking how manufacturing, training, and maintenance are done, extended reality is rapidly becoming necessary for Industry 4.0. The combination of rising academic study and practical experiences, like those shared during Industrial IMMERSIVE 2025, highlights how really strong this technology is. XR will always play a big role in optimizing efficiency, protecting workers, and…

You probably don’t think much about medical scan data. But they’re everywhere. If you’ve got an X-ray or an MRI, your images were almost certainly processed by DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine), the globally accepted standard for storing and sharing medical imaging data like X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans between hospitals, clinics, and research institutions since the late 80s and early 90s. But there’s a problem: while medical technology has made incredible leaps in the last 30 years, DICOM hasn’t kept up. What is DICOM anyway? DICOM still operates in ways that feel more suited to a 1990s environment of local networks and limited computing power. Despite updates, the system doesn’t meet the demands of cloud computing, AI-driven diagnostics, and real-time collaboration. It lacks cloud-native support and rigid file structures, and shows inconsistencies between different manufacturers. If your doctor still hands you a CD with your scan on it in 2025 (!), DICOM is a big part of that story. The DICOM Legacy How DICOM Came to Be When DICOM was developed in the 1980s, the focus was on solving some big problems in medical imaging, and honestly, it did the job brilliantly for its time. The initial idea was to create a universal language for different hardware and software platforms to communicate with each other, sort of like building a shared language for technology. They also had to make sure it was compatible with older devices already in use. At that time, the most practical option was to rely on local networks since cloud-based solutions simply didn’t exist yet. These decisions helped DICOM become the go-to standard, but they also locked it into an outdated framework that’s now tough to update. Why It’s Hard to Change DICOM Medical standards don’t evolve as fast as consumer technology like phones or computers. Changing something like DICOM doesn’t happen overnight. It’s a slow and complicated process muddled by layers of regulatory approvals and opinions from a tangled web or organizations and stakeholders. What’s more, hospitals have decades of patient data tied to these systems, and making big changes that may break compatibility isn’t easy. And to top it all off, device manufacturers have different ways of interpreting and implementing DICOM, so it’s nearly impossible to enforce consistency. The Trouble With Staying Backwards Compatible DICOM’s focus on working perfectly with old systems was smart at the time, but it’s created some long-term problems. Technological advancements have moved on with AI, cloud storage, and tools for real-time diagnostics. They have shown immediately how limited DICOM can be in catching up with these innovations. Also, vendor-specific implementations have created quirks that make devices less compatible with one another than they should be. And don’t even get started on trying to link DICOM with modern healthcare systems like electronic records or telemedicine platforms. It would be like trying to plug a 1980s gadget into a smart technology ecosystem — not impossible, but far from seamless. Why Your CT Scanner and MRI Machine Aren’t Speaking the Same Language Interoperability in medical imaging sounds great in theory — everything just works, no matter the device or manufacturer — however, in practice, things got messy. Some issues sound abstract, but for doctors and hospitals, they mean delays, misinterpretations, and extra burden. So, why don’t devices always play nice? The Problem With “Standards” That Aren’t Very Standard You’d think having a universal standard like DICOM would ensure easy interoperability because everybody follows the same rules. Not exactly. Device manufacturers implement it differently, and this leads to: Private tags. These are proprietary pieces of data that only specific software can understand. If your software doesn’t understand them, you’re out of luck. Missing or vague fields. Some devices leave out crucial metadata or define it differently. File structure issues. Small differences in how data is formatted sometimes make files unreadable. The idea of a universal standard is nice, but the way it’s applied leaves a lot to be desired. Metadata and Tag Interpretation Issues DICOM images contain extensive metadata to describe details like how the patient was positioned during the scan or how the images fit together. But when this metadata isn’t standardized, you end up with metadata and tag interpretation issues. For example, inconsistencies in slice spacing or image order can throw off 3D reconstructions, leaving scans misaligned. As a result, when doctors try to compare scans over time or across different systems, they often have to deal with mismatched or incomplete data. These inconsistencies make what should be straightforward tasks unnecessarily complicated and create challenges for accurate diagnoses and proper patient care. File Structure and Storage Inconsistencies The way images are stored varies so much between devices that it often causes problems. Some scanners save each image slice separately. Others put them together in one file. Then there are slight differences in DICOM implementations that make it difficult to read images on some systems. Compression adds another layer of complexity — it’s not the same across the board. File sizes and levels of quality vary widely. All these mismatches and inconsistencies make everything harder for hospitals and doctors trying to work together. Orientation and Interpretation Issues Medical imaging is incredible, but sometimes working with scans slows things down when time matters most and makes it harder to get accurate insights for patient care. There are several reasons for this. Different Coordinate Systems Sometimes, DICOM permits the use of different coordination systems and causes confusions. For instance, patient-based coordinates relate to the patient’s body, like top-to-bottom (head-to-feet) or side-to-side (left-to-right). Scanner-based coordinates, on the other hand, are based on the imaging device itself. When these systems don’t match up, it creates misalignment issues in multi-modal imaging studies, where scans from different devices need to work together. Slice Ordering Problems Scans like MRIs and CTs are made up of thin cross-sectional images called slices. But not every scanner orders or numbers these slices in the same way. Some slices can be stored from top-to-bottom or bottom-to-top. If the order…

Introduction Virtual and mixed reality headsets are not just cool toys to show off at parties, though they’re definitely good for that. They train surgeons without risking a single patient, build immersive classrooms without ever leaving home, and even help to design something with unparalleled precision. But choosing VR/MR headsets … It’s not as simple as picking what looks sleek or what catches your eye on the shelf. And we get it. The difference between a headset that’s wired, standalone, or capable of merging the real and digital worlds is confusing sometimes. But we’ll break it all down in a way that makes sense. Types of VR Headsets VR and MR headsets have different capabilities. However, choosing the perfect one is less about specs and more about how they fit your needs and what you want to achieve. Here’s the lineup… Wired Headsets Wired headsets like HTC Vive Pro and Oculus Rift S should be connected to a high-performance PC to deliver stunningly detailed visuals and incredibly accurate tracking. Expect razor-sharp visuals that make virtual grass look better than real grass and tracking so on-point, you’d swear it knows what you’re about to do before you do. Wired headsets are best for high-stakes environments like surgical training, designing complex structures, or running realistic simulations for industries like aerospace. However, you’ll need a powerful computer to even get started, and a cable does mean less freedom to move around. Standalone Headsets No strings attached. Literally. Standalone headsets like Oculus Quest Pro, Meta Quest 3, Pico Neo 4, and many more) are lightweight, self-contained, and wireless, so you can jump between work and play with no need for external hardware. They are perfect for on-the-go use, casual gaming, and quick training sessions. From portable training setups to spontaneous VR adventures at home, these headsets are flexible and always ready for action (and by “action”, we mostly mean Zoom calls in VR if we’re being honest). However, standalone headsets may not flex enough for detailed, high-performance applications like ultra-realistic design work or creating highly detailed environments. Mixed Reality (MR) Headsets Mixed reality headsets blur the line between physical and digital worlds. They don’t just whisk you to a virtual reality — they invite the virtual to come hang out in your real one. And this means holograms nested on your desk, live data charts floating in the air, and playing chess with a virtual opponent right at your dining room table. MR headsets like HoloLens 2 or Magic Leap 2 shine in hybrid learning environments, AR-powered training, and collaborative work requiring detailed, interactive visuals thanks to their advanced features like hand tracking and spacial awareness. MR headsets like HoloLens 2 or Magic Leap 2 shine in hybrid learning environments, AR-powered training, and collaborative work requiring detailed, interactive visuals thanks to their advanced features like hand tracking and spacial awareness. The question isn’t just in what these headsets can do. It’s in how they fit into your reality, your goals, and your imagination. Now, the only question left is… which type is best for your needs? Detailed Headset Comparisons It’s time for us to play matchmaker between you and the headsets that align with your goals and vision. No awkward small talk here, just straight-to-the-point profiles of the top contenders. HTC Vive Pro This is your choice if you demand nothing but the best. With a resolution of 2448 x 2448 pixels per eye, it delivers visuals so sharp and detailed that they bring virtual landscapes to life with stunning clarity. HTC Vive Pro comes with base-station tracking that practically reads your mind, and every movement you make in the real world reflects perfectly in the virtual one. But this kind of performance doesn’t come without requirements. Like any overachiever, it’s got high standards and requires some serious backup. You’ll need a PC beefy enough to bench press an Intel Core i7 and an NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070. High maintenance is also required, but it’s totally worth it. Best for: High-performance use cases like advanced simulations, surgical training, or projects that demand ultra-realistic visuals and tracking accuracy. Meta Quest 3 Unlilke the HTC Vive Pro, the Meta Quest 3 doesn’t require a tethered PV setup cling. This headset glides between VR and MR like a pro. One minute you’re battling in an entirely virtual world, and the next, you’re tossing virtual sticky notes onto your very real fridge. Meta Quest 3 doesn’t match the ultra-high resolution of the Vive Pro, but its display resolution reaches 2064 x 2208 pixels per eye — and this means sharp and clear visuals that are more than adequate for training sessions, casual games, and other applications. Best for: Portable classrooms, mobile training sessions, or casual VR activities. Magic Leap 2 The Magic Leap 2 sets itself apart not with flashy design, but with seamless hand and eye tracking that precisely follow your movements and the headset that feels like it knows you. This headset is the one you want when you’re blending digital overlays with your real-life interactions. 2048 x 1080 pixels per eye and the 70 degrees diagonal field of view come with a price tag that’s way loftier than its competitors. But remember that visionaries always play on their terms Best for: Interactive lessons, augmented reality showstoppers, or drawing attention at industry conventions with show-stopping demos. HTC Vive XR Elite The HTC Vive XR Elite doesn’t confine itself to one category. It’s built for users who expect both performance and portability in one device. 1920 x 1920 resolution per eye doesn’t make it quite as flashy as the overachiever above, but it makes up for it with adaptability. This headset switches from wired to wireless within moments and keeps up with how you want to work or create. Best for: Flexible setups, easily transitioning between wired and wireless experiences, and managing dynamic workflows. Oculus Quest Pro The Oculus Quest Pro is a devices that lets its capabilities speak for themselves. Its smooth and reliable performance,…

Meta Connect 2024 explored new horizons in the domains of augmented reality, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence. From affordable mixed reality headsets to next-generation AI-integrated devices, let’s take a look at the salient features of the event and what they entail for the future of immersive technologies. Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg speaks at Meta Connect, Meta’s annual event on its latest software and hardware, in Menlo Park, California, on Sept. 25, 2024. David Paul Morris / Bloomberg / Contributor / Getty Images Orion AR Glasses At the metaverse where people and objects interact, Meta showcased a concept of Orion AR Glasses that allows users to view holographic video content. The focus was on hand-gesture control, offering a seamless, hands-free experience for interacting with digital content. The wearable augmented reality market estimates looked like a massive increase in sales and the buyouts of the market as analysts believed are rear-to-market figures standing at 114.5 billion US dollars in the year 2030. The Orion glasses are Meta’s courageous and aggressive tilt towards this booming market segment. Applications can extend to hands-free navigation, virtual conferences, gaming, training sessions, and more. Quest 3S Headset Meta’s Quest 3S is priced affordably at $299 for the 128 GB model, making it one of the most accessible mixed reality headsets available. This particular headset offers the possibility of both virtual immersion (via VR headsets) and active augmented interaction (via AR headsets). Meta hopes to incorporate a variety of other applications in the Quest 3S to enhance the overall experience. Display: It employs the most modern and advanced pancake lenses which deliver sharper pictures and vibrant colors and virtually eliminate the ‘screen-door effect’ witnessed in previous VR devices. Processor: Qualcomm’s Snapdragon XR2 Gen 2 chip cuts short the loading time, thus incorporating smoother graphics and better performance. Resolution: Improvement of more than 50 pixels is observed in most of the devices compared to older iterations on the market, making them better cater to the customers’ needs Hand-Tracking: Eliminating the need for software, such as controllers mandatory for interaction with the virtual world, with the advanced hand-tracking mechanisms being introduced. Mixed Reality: A smooth transition between AR and VR fluidly makes them applicable in diverse fields like training and education, health issues, games, and many others. With a projected $13 billion global market for AR/VR devices by 2025, Meta is positioning the Quest 3S as a leader in accessible mixed reality. Meta AI Updates Meta Incorporated released new AI-assisted features, such as the ability to talk to John Cena through a celebrity avatar. These avatars provide a great degree of individuality and entertainment in the digital environment. Furthermore, one can benefit from live translation functions that help enhance multilingual art communication and promote cultural and social interaction. The introduction of AI-powered avatars and the use of AI tools for translation promotes the more engaging experiences with great application potential for international business communication, social networks, and games. Approximately, 85% of customer sales interactions will be run through AI and its related technologies. By 2030, these tools may have become one of the main forms of digital communication. AI Image Generation for Facebook and Instagram Meta has also revealed new capabilities of its AI tools, which allow users to create and post images right in Facebook and Instagram. The feature helps followers or users in this case to create simple tailored images quickly and therefore contributes to the users’ social media marketing. These AI widgets align with Meta’s plans to increase user interaction on the company’s platforms. Social media engagement holds 65% of the market of visual content marketers, stating that visual content increases engagement. These tools enable the audience to easily generate high-quality sharable visual images without any design background. AI for Instagram Reels: Auto-Dubbing and Lip-Syncing Advancing Meta’s well-known Artificial Intelligence capabilities, Instagram Reels will, in the near future, come equipped with automatic dubbing and lip-syncing features powered by the artificial intelligence. This new feature is likely to ease the work of content creators, especially those looking to elevate their video storytelling with less time dedicated to editing. The feature is not limited to countries with populations of over two billion Instagram users. Instead, this refers to Instagram’s own large user base, which exceeds two billion monthly active users globally. This AI-powered feature will streamline content creation and boost the volume and quality of user-generated content. Ray-Ban Smart Glasses The company also shared the news about the extensions of the undoubted and brightest technology of the — its Ray-Ban Smart Glasses which will become commercially available in late 2024. Enhanced artificial intelligence capabilities will include the glasses with hands-free audio and the ability to provide real-time translation. The company’s vision was making Ray-Ban spectacles more user friendly to help those who wear them with complicated tasks, such as language translation, through the use of artificial intelligence. At Meta Connect 2024, again, the company declared their aim to bring immersive technology to the masses by offering low-priced equipment and advanced AI capabilities. Meta is confident to lead the new era of AR, VR, and AI innovations in products such as the Quest 3S, AI-enhanced Instagram features, and improved Ray-Ban smart glasses. With these processes integrated into our digital lives, users will discover new ways to interact, create, and communicate within virtual worlds.

This year’s Gamescom 2024 in Cologne, Germany, provided proof of the gaming industry’s astounding growth. Our team was thrilled to have a chance to attend this event, which showcased the latest in gaming and gave us a glimpse into the future of the industry. Gamescom 2024 was a record-breaking conference, with over 335,000 guests from about 120 nations, making it one of the world’s largest and most international gaming gatherings. This year’s showcase had a considerable rise in attendance — nearly 15,000 people over the previous year. Gamescom 2024 introduced new hardware advances used for the next generation of video games. Improvements in CPUs and video cards, particularly from big companies in the industry like AMD and NVIDIA, are pushing the boundaries of what is feasible for games in terms of performance and graphics. For example, NVIDIA introduced the forthcoming GeForce RTX series, which promises unprecedented levels of immersion and realism. Not to be outdone, AMD has introduced a new series of Ryzen processors designed to survive the most extreme gaming settings. These technological advancements are critical as they allow video game developers to create more complex and visually stunning games, particularly for virtual reality. As processing power increases, virtual reality is reaching new heights. We saw numerous VR-capable games at Gamescom that offer players an unparalleled level of immersion. Being a VR/AR development company, we were excited to watch how technology was evolving and what new possibilities it was bringing up. The video game called “Half-Life: Alyx” has set a new standard, and it’s clear that VR is no longer a niche but a growing segment of the gaming market. Gamescom’s format proved its strength, as indicated by the fact that its two days were run in two formats. Gamescom stands out from other games exhibitions or conventions by being both a business and consumer show. This dual format enables the developers to collect feedback on their products immediately. This is especially so when meeting prospective clients during a presentation or when giving a demonstration to gamers, the response elicited is very helpful. Rarely does anyone get a chance to witness the actual implementation and real-world effect of what they have done.

Introduction The World of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Its Application in Content Creation for RPG Games Recently, the world of IT technology has been actively filled with various iterations of artificial intelligence. From advanced chatbots that provide technical support to complex algorithms aiding doctors in disease diagnosis, AI’s presence is increasingly felt. In a few years, it might be hard to imagine our daily activities without artificial intelligence, especially in the IT sector. Let’s focus on generative artificial intelligence, such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, and others, which have long held an important place in software development. However, special attention should be given to the application of AI in the video game industry. We see AI being used from voice generation to real-time responses. Admittedly, this area is not yet so developed as to be widely implemented in commercially available games. But the main emphasis I want to make is on the creation and enhancement of game content using AI. In my opinion, this is the most promising and useful direction for game developers. The Lack of Resources in Creating Large and Ambitious RPG Games and How AI Can Be a Solution In the world of indie game development, a field with which I am closely familiar, the scarcity of resources, especially time and money, is always a foremost challenge. While artificial intelligence (AI) cannot yet generate money or add extra hours to the day (heh-heh), it can be the key to effectively addressing some of these issues. Realism here is crucial. We understand that AI cannot write an engaging story or develop unique gameplay mechanics – these aspects remain the domain of humans (yes, game designers and other creators can breathe easy for now). However, where AI can truly excel is in generating various items, enhancing ideas, writing coherent texts, correcting errors, and similar tasks. With such capabilities, AI can significantly boost the productivity of each member of an indie team, freeing up time for more creative and unique tasks, from content generation to quest structuring. What is Artificial Intelligence and How Can it be Used in Game Development For effective use of AI in game development, a deep understanding of its working principles is essential. Artificial intelligence is primarily based on complex mathematical models and algorithms that enable machines to learn, analyze data, and make decisions based on this data. This could be machine learning, where algorithms learn from data over time becoming more accurate and efficient, or deep learning, which uses neural networks to mimic the human brain. Let’s examine the main types of AI Narrative AI (OpenAI ChatGPT, Google BERT): Capable of generating stories, dialogues, and scripts. Suitable for creating the foundations of the game world and dialogues. Analytical AI (IBM Watson, Palantir Technologies): Focuses on data collection and analysis. Used for optimizing game processes and balance. Creative AI (Adobe Photoshop’s Neural Filters, Runway ML): Able to create visual content such as textures, character models, and environments. Generative AI (OpenAI DALL-E, GPT-3 and GPT-4 from OpenAI): Ideal for generating unique names, item descriptions, quest variability, and other content. By understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each type of AI, developers can use them more effectively in their work. For example, using AI to generate original stories or quests can be challenging, but using it for correcting grammatical errors or generating unique names and item descriptions is more realistic and beneficial. This allows content creators to focus on more creative aspects of development, optimizing their time and resources. An Overview of the Characteristics of Large Fantasy RPG Games and Their Content Requirements In large fantasy RPG games, not only gameplay and concept play a pivotal role, but also the richness and variability of content – spells, quests, items, etc. This diversity encourages players to immerse themselves in the game world, sometimes spending hundreds of hours exploring every nook and cranny. The quantity of this content is important, but so is its quality. Imagine, we offer the player a relic named “Great Heart” with over 100 attribute variations – that’s one approach. But if we offer 100 different relics, each with a unique name and 3-4 variations in description, the player’s experience is significantly different. In AAA projects, the quality of content is usually high, with hundreds of thousands of hours invested in creating items, stories, and worlds. However, in the indie sector, the situation is different: there’s a limited number of items, less variability – unless we talk about roguelikes, where world and item generation are used. A typical feature of roguelikes is the randomization of item attributes. However, they rarely offer unique generation of names or descriptions; if they do, it’s more about applying formulas and substitution rules, rather than AI. This opens new possibilities for the use of artificial intelligence – not just as a means of generating random attributes, but also in creating deep, unique stories, characters, and worlds, adding a new dimension to games. Integrating AI for Item Generation: How AI Can Assist in Creating Unique Items (Clothing, Weapons, Consumables). One of the practical examples of using AI is creating variations based on existing criteria. Why do I consider this the best way to utilize AI? Firstly, having written the story of your game world, we can set limits for the AI, providing clear input and output data. This ensures a 100% predictable outcome from AI. Let’s examine this more closely. When talking about the world’s story, I mean a few pages that describe the world, its nature, and rules. It could be fantasy, sci-fi, with examples of names, unique terminology, or characteristic features that help AI understand the mood and specifics of the world. Here is an excerpt from the text I wrote for my game world. The Kingdom of Arteria is an ancient and mysterious realm, shrouded in secrets and imbued with a powerful form of dark magic. For centuries, it has been ruled by Arteon the First, a wise and just monarch whose benevolence has brought peace and prosperity to his…

Immersive technologies, such as virtual reality and augmented reality, rely heavily on artificial intelligence. Through AI, these experiences are made interactive and smart, providing data-based insights while also enabling personalization. In this article, we will follow the evolution of immersive technologies in relation to AI, make predictions regarding its future development and bring forth some opinions from experts who explore this area. Evolution of AI in VR, MR, and XR The journey of AI in VR, MR and AR technologies has been marked by significant milestones. As we have observed, the improvements of AI in immersive technologies have been evidenced by a number of important milestones, starting with the early integration of AI-driven avatars and reaching the current practice of deep learning for real-time environment adaptation. Therefore, let’s envision what we should expect in the upcoming days from AI in the VR/MR/AR field and what experts believe in the approach. Future of AI in VR, MR, and XR The IEEE AIxVR 2024 conference was held in January 2024. There were experienced experts and people with the most innovative ideas coming together to talk about how artificial intelligence has reached virtual and augmented reality. This event was made up of completely revolutionary discussions about virtual reality and all the other AI technologies that have really progressed. There were talks from keynote speakers, research presentations, and interactive sessions, showing AI as the source of these enhancements: realistic immersive experiences, exclusive content, and personalized stuff. One of the most remarkable episodes of the event was the keynote address of Randall Hill, Jr., an important personality in the AI and immersive technologies world. Hill was showing off the change that artificial intelligence has brought to virtual reality. He said: “Our journey to building the holodeck highlights the incredible strides we’ve made in merging AI with virtual reality. The ability of AI to predict and adapt to user behavior in real-time is not just a technological advancement; it’s a paradigm shift in how we experience digital worlds.” Another conference, Laval Virtual 2024, was also remembered for the impressive performance of Miriam Reiner, owner and founder of VR/AR and Neurocognition Laboratory at Technion, who was presenting the speech “Brain-talk in XR, the synergetic effect: implications for a new generation of disruptive technologies”. Source: Photo by Laval Virtual from X Miriam Reiner shared an insightful quote at the IEEE AIxVR 2024 conference, emphasizing the transformative potential of AI in VR and AR. She stated: “The synergetic effect of brain-computer interfaces and AI in XR can lead to a new generation of disruptive technologies. This integration holds immense potential for creating immersive experiences that respond seamlessly to human thoughts and emotions.” Statistical data, in particular, provides a summary of the assumptions regarding the use of AI in immersive technologies. A notable point from a recent market analysis is that the worldwide XR market will increase by almost $23 billion, growing from $28.42 billion in 2023 to $52.05 billion by 2026, due to the popularization of next-generation smart devices and significant advancements in AI and 5G technologies. A report by MarketsandMarkets foresees the development of the AI segment in XR, projecting the market to reach $1.8 billion by 2025. This indicates that the expansion of AI in creating more interactive and personalized immersive experiences is becoming a major trend. Conclusion AI adds certain features in VR, MR, and AR solutions, such as an improved user experience, higher-quality interactions, smarter content creation, advanced analytics, and enhanced real-world connections. It significantly transforms the way we perceive immersive technologies.

Even while immersive technologies are becoming more and more commonplace in our daily lives, many firms remain skeptical about their potential for corporate development. “If technology does not directly generate revenue, why invest in it at all?” is a common question in the public mind. Because of their careful approach, only very large companies in the business with substantial marketing expenditures are using immersive technologies to generate excitement at conferences, presentations, and events. But there are far more benefits to using VR, AR, and MR in marketing than just eye candy. These technologies provide a plethora of advantages that can boost sales, improve consumer engagement, and give businesses a clear competitive advantage. Marc Mathieu, Chief Marketing Officer at Samsung Electronics America said: “The future of marketing lies in immersive experiences. VR, AR, and MR technologies allow us to go beyond traditional advertising and create unique, memorable interactions that can influence consumer perception and behavior in powerful ways.” Captivating and engaging audiences is one of the main benefits of VR, AR, and MR. According to a 2023 Statista analysis, AR advertising engagement rates are predicted to rise by 32% over the course of the next several years, indicating the technology’s capacity to capture viewers. An information-rich culture can be a hostile environment for conventional marketing strategies. Conversely, immersive technologies offer compelling and unforgettable experiences. For example, augmented reality uses smartphones or AR glasses to superimpose product information or advertising onto the real environment, while virtual reality can take buyers to virtual showrooms or give them a 360-degree view of a product. A stronger emotional bond and improved brand recall could result from this degree of involvement. Here are other possible advantages. Personalized Customer Experiences Marketing initiatives that are highly customized are made possible by immersive technology. Businesses may learn more about the tastes and habits of their customers by gathering data on user interactions inside VR and AR environments. The relevance and efficacy of marketing campaigns may then be increased by using this data to customize offers and messaging for specific consumers. Because consumers are more likely to respond favorably to marketing that seems to be tailored just for them, personalization raises the chance of conversion. Demonstrating Product Benefits For many products, VR, AR, and MR offer a distinctive approach to showcase benefits, especially for those that are complex or have characteristics that are hard to explain through traditional media. Potential buyers may be able to virtually test out a product and get a firsthand look at its features with a VR experience. With augmented reality (AR), one may see how a product would appear in its natural setting, for example how furniture would fit in a space. Sales can rise and buyer hesitancy can be considerably reduced when consumers can see and engage with a product before making a purchase. Creating Shareable Content Social media users are more likely to share content that uses VR, AR, and MR. Individuals are more likely to tell their friends and followers about interesting and engaging events, which generates natural buzz and raises brand awareness. Since suggestions from friends and family are frequently more trusted than standard commercials, word-of-mouth marketing has the potential to be quite effective. Differentiation from Competitors To stand out in a crowded market, distinctiveness is essential. Through the integration of VR, AR, and MR into marketing tactics, companies may establish a reputation for being creative and progressive. This draws in technologically sophisticated clients and establishes the business as a pioneer in its field. Those companies that adopt these technologies early will have a big edge when additional companies start looking into them. Enhanced Data Collection and Analytics Immersive technologies provide new avenues for collecting data on customer interactions and preferences. By analyzing how users engage with VR, AR, and MR experiences, businesses can gain valuable insights into customer behavior and preferences. This data can inform future marketing strategies, product development, and customer service improvements, leading to a more refined and effective overall business approach. Detailed Examples of Immersive Technology in Marketing Pepsi’s AR Halftime Show During the Super Bowl halftime show in 2022, Pepsi introduced an inventive augmented reality (AR) experience created by Aircards with the goal of interacting with fans in a whole new way. Through the use of their cellphones, viewers may access an augmented reality experience by scanning a QR code that was flashed during the broadcast. With the use of interactive multimedia including behind-the-scenes videos, exclusive artist interviews, and real-time minigames, viewers were given the impression that they were a part of the event. To add a gamified aspect to the experience, the AR halftime show also included virtual Pepsi-branded products that spectators could “collect” and post on social media. In addition to offering amusement, this program gave Pepsi useful information on user behaviors and preferences. Through data analysis, Pepsi improved total customer engagement and brand loyalty by honing future marketing initiatives and creating more tailored content. Visa’s Web3 Engagement Solution Visa launched an innovative Web3 interface technology in 2024 with the aim of transforming loyalty programs for clients. Visa developed an easy and engaging interface that let users interact with virtual worlds and benefit from the combination of blockchain technology and augmented reality. Customers can engage in virtual treasure hunts and simulations of real-world locations through augmented reality (AR) activities. In order to provide clients with safe and transparent incentive tracking across many merchants, the Web3 system also made use of blockchain. More adaptability and compatibility across various loyalty programs were made possible by this decentralized strategy. Customers benefited from a more satisfying and engaging experience as a consequence, and Visa was able to implement more successful marketing campaigns thanks to detailed data analytics that provided deeper insights into customer habits and preferences. JD AR Experience by Jack Daniel’s To bring their brand story to life, Jack Daniel’s introduced an immersive augmented reality experience. Users could access an immersive trip through Jack Daniel’s production process and history by scanning a bottle of whiskey with…